Abstract: Object: To review the literatures on the causes of low birth weight.
Method: On the Pub Med and Ichushi (Japan Medical Abstracts Society) websites, the literatures on the causes of low birth weight
published between 1975 to 2011 were searched for the
Results: From among the 469 original articles retrieved, 65 articles containing any description of the cause of low birth weight were
identified, of which the 32 articles well-structured in the format of scientific writing were selected and reviewed.
Conclusion: The suspected causes of low birth weight from pre-pregnancy risks were classified into two categories:
a) Family risk factors,
b) Mother herself risk factors.
Further large-scale follow-up studies from birth would be needed at the prefectural level.
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